How to Use Wood Filler for Large Gaps: Tips, Tricks, and Product Recommendations

When working with wood, you might find big gaps or holes that need fixing. These large gaps can affect the finished look of your project.

This guide introduces various wood fillers designed especially for these challenges. We’ll show you the right choice, from water-mixed types to the more resilient epoxy ones.

If you’re aiming for a smooth, gap-free finish on your project, we have you covered.

Types of Wood Fillers

When selecting the right wood filler for your project, it’s essential to consider both the type of filler and your specific needs.

Here’s a breakdown to guide your decision:

1. Type of Damage or Gap:
   • Size of the Gap: Is it a nail hole, screw hole, knothole, scratch, or a larger gap? Is the gap located at a joint, a glue-up, or is it a crack or damage in the wood?
2. Environment:
   • Location: Is the piece outdoor or indoor furniture?
   • Environmental Factors: Is the location subject to temperature or humidity fluctuations?
3. Types of Wood Fillers:
   • Water-based wood fillers: Easily applied, quick drying, and can be smoothed with water. Ideal for minor repairs.
   • Petroleum-based wood fillers: Smooth and resilient against moisture and humidity.
   • Wood putty: Contains wood fibers, making it flexible and suitable for outdoor projects. It doesn’t shrink upon drying, making it effective for larger gaps.
   • Epoxy Fillers: Epoxy fillers are not traditional wood fillers but are often used in woodworking for their strong bonding properties. They come in both putty and liquid forms and are especially suitable for significant damages or larger gaps. When mixed with sawdust or colorants, epoxy can blend seamlessly with the surrounding wood. It dries hard and can be sanded shortly after application.
   • Powdered Fillers: Comprised of sawdust and wood shavings, these are great for surface-level repairs but not ideal for filling deep holes.
   • Home-made fillers: A mix of glue and sawdust, perfect for achieving a color match with the wood being filled.

Considering the above factors and the advantages/disadvantages of each wood filler type will help you make an informed decision.

However, many woodworkers prefer using wood fillers that contain actual wood, like sawdust, to match the wood’s color and accept a stain.

Our Top Picks: Wood Fillers for Large Gaps

• Elmer’s Carpenter’s Wood Filler – Polyurethane-based, fills gaps up to 1/2 inch.
• Minwax High-Performance Wood Filler – Versatile wood filler is good for large gaps.
• DAP Plastic Wood Filler – A classic latex-based wood filler that won’t shrink or crack.
• Famowood Wood Filler – A gluten-based formula that sands easily when cured.
• Gorilla Wood Filler – A polyurethane-based filler designed for large repairs.
• Ronseal High-Performance Wood Filler – Effective on large gaps, dries hard and fast.
• Abatron LiquidWood – Flowable wood repair epoxy, not technically a wood filler, but works on large gaps.

If you make a purchase through the above links, we will earn a commission.

How To Use Wood Filler To Fill Large Gaps (Step-by-Step Guide)

1. Prep the Surface:

Before applying any filler, it’s important to ensure the wood surface is clean and free from any debris. This will help the filler adhere better and result in a smoother finish.

• Cleaning: Use a soft brush or cloth to wipe away any dust or dirt from the wood surface. Consider using a wood cleaner or mild detergent if there’s any residue or old paint.
• Removing Loose Bits: Check the gap or hole for any loose wood fragments. These can interfere with the filler, so use a small chisel or scraper to remove them.
• Sanding: Sanding the area around the gap helps in two ways: it smoothens any rough edges and creates a slightly abrasive surface for the filler to grip. Use 120 grit sandpaper and sand in the direction of the wood grain.

2. Apply Wood Filler:

The application process can vary slightly depending on the type of wood filler you’re using, but the basic principles remain the same.

• Choosing the Right Filler: Ensure the filler you’re using is suitable for the size of the gap and the type of wood.
• Application: Press the filler into the gap using a filling knife or spatula, ensuring it fills the entire void. Work in layers if the gap is particularly deep, allowing each layer to dry slightly before adding the next.
• Skimming Off Excess: Once the gap is filled, use the flat edge of your knife to skim off any excess filler, ensuring it’s level with the wood surface.

3. Let it Dry:

The drying time can vary based on the type of filler and environmental conditions.

• Check Manufacturer’s Instructions: Always refer to the product label for recommended drying times. Some fillers might dry within hours, while others might take overnight.
• Environmental Factors: Humidity and temperature can affect drying times. Work in a well-ventilated area and avoid applying filler in overly humid conditions.

4. Sand the Filler:

Sanding ensures the filled area is smooth and flush with the surrounding wood.

• Starting with 120 Grit: Begin sanding with 120 grit sandpaper to remove any prominent bumps or ridges.
• Finishing with 180 Grit: Once the majority of the excess is removed, switch to a finer 180 grit sandpaper. This will provide a smooth finish, ready for painting or staining.
• Sanding Technique: Always sand in the direction of the wood grain to avoid scratching the surface.

5. Finish the Wood:

The final step is to restore the wood’s appearance, ensuring the filled area blends seamlessly.

• Choosing the Finish: Depending on your project, you might opt for paint, stain, or varnish. Ensure the product you choose is compatible with the wood and filler type.
• Application: Apply the finish evenly, using brushes or rollers as appropriate. If staining, consider applying a wood conditioner first to ensure even absorption.
• Drying: Allow adequate drying time between coats and before using the wood item.

The Importance of Finishing Touches

After you’ve filled those gaps in the wood, the final steps, or the “finishing touches,” are super important.

Here’s why:

1. Sanding: Once your filler dries, you’ll want to sand it down. This makes sure everything’s smooth and even.
2. Painting or Staining: Now, think about how you want it to look. Do you want to paint it? Or maybe give it a stain for a more natural wood look? This step isn’t just about looks, though. It also adds an extra layer of protection.
3. Varnishing: It gives a shiny finish and keeps everything protected from things like rain or dirt.

The effort you put into these final steps makes sure your repair looks great and lasts a long time!

How Big a Gap In Wood Can You Fill?

When it comes to filling gaps in wood, the size of the gap and the type of filler you choose go hand in hand.

1. Small Gaps (e.g., nail or screw holes):
   • Almost any filler will do the trick, be it water-based, petroleum-based, putty, or homemade. Use what you have on hand.
2. Larger Holes or Gaps:
   • Homemade Wood Filler: This is a leading choice, especially for sizable holes. Why? You can easily match the sawdust to the wood’s color, ensuring a consistent, non-distracting finish. Plus, it sands smoothly, and you can paint or stain it just like the original wood. The result? A repair that’s nearly invisible.
   • Epoxy, Acrylic Caulk with Silicone, or Latex-based Fillers: These are especially good for large gaps. They’re durable, don’t dry out quickly, and are as hard as the wood itself once set. You can even drill into them if needed.
   • Powdered Fillers: Another solid choice for big gaps. They’re sturdy and blend well with the surrounding wood.
   • Wood Putty: Great for larger gaps because it doesn’t shrink as it dries. It contains wood fibers, so you can sand, stain, or paint it once it’s dry. It’s as versatile as the wood itself.
3. How Large is Too Large?
   • Most fillers can handle gaps up to 3⁄8 inch. If the hole is bigger than that but smaller than what a board replacement would cover, you’ll need a robust filler like putty or the homemade variety.
   • Got a hole that goes all the way through a board? Don’t worry. The right product, like putty or homemade fillers, can fill it up seamlessly.

What Fillers To Stock Your Shop With

• Consider the variety of fillers on the market and homemade options. The right product should be chosen for the right job.
• For simple projects with only small holes to fill, a homemade filler with glue and sawdust or a water/petroleum-based filler will work well.
• For more advanced projects with larger gaps, choose an epoxy or latex-based filler for their strength and bonding ability.
• Keep a variety of fillers in your shop to suit different needs. Check shelf-life when purchasing.
• Have glue on hand to make homemade filler with sawdust.
• Consider a simple filler or wood putty for small holes.
• Add an extra-strength epoxy or latex filler to your supplies for larger gaps. Choose based on the strengths needed.

We recommend a tutorial from “This Old House.” This comprehensive guide further explains the wood filler concepts discussed here.

Pin This for Future Reference